A 7 inch diameter mast, built from 7 inch, 6 inch, 5 inch and 4 inch tubes, with 3D printed components

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  • 17 Jan 2026 18:08
    Reply # 13586425 on 13580811

    Here are the mast retainer, and the flexible gasket that fits snugly underneath it. They will bolt down through the cabin sole into the solid plinth of plywood layers or whatever, that the heel socket will be bonded into. There is a 13mm hole through the two upstands, that will take a 12mm or ½’ bolt or stud, or a ½” dia tube with an M8 stud through it, passing through the mast tube and heel plug - or even two M12  set bolts screwed into drilled and tapped holes in the heel plug; plenty of options, there.

    The heel plug is printing now. It’s a big chunk of material, and will take more than 20 hours and more than a kilo of filament, so I just hope I’ve got the design right… (for fellow printers, the nozzle is 0.6mm, the filament is PETG and I’m printing six wall loops 0.3mm layer height and 0.62mm wide, so nearly 4mm of solid skin over 25% density cuboid infill. I may be over-specifying, but this one item that must not fail. 

    3 files
  • 18 Jan 2026 07:52
    Reply # 13586503 on 13580811

    Here’s a photo of the heel plug being printed, about halfway through the process. The through hole is now starting to show, and the wall thickness can be seen.

    1 file
  • 18 Jan 2026 14:38
    Reply # 13586537 on 13580811

    The heel plug is now complete, quite chunky at 1070 gms, but should be plenty strong enough. The heel socket that it is to fit into is now printing.

    Is anyone considering making a similar size of mast, with a lower tube size of the same 7inch or 180mm diameter but with a thinner wall? I have a heel socket already printed as a test piece, with the same square shape but with a lighter internal structure, that would fit this heel plug. I also have a heel socket with a hexagonal interior shape, from when I was thinking of going that way. I could print a heel plug to suit either one, if I know the internal diameter of the mast tube. 

    2 files
  • 19 Jan 2026 09:15
    Reply # 13586718 on 13580811

    The heel socket is now finished, and the square socket is a perfect fit with the square heel plug, which is a relief. You can see in the photos how I’ve introduced some recesses into the cylindrical shape, so that when it’s been bonded into the hull, it cannot possibly rotate or lift out, even if the bond fails. That’s all the heel components done - socket, plug, gasket, retainer and conduit bottom end, all seem good and fit for service to me. Now I wait with bated breath to check that they mate well with the 7in dia x 3/8in wall tube.

    6 files
  • 19 Jan 2026 09:19
    Reply # 13586719 on 13580811

    The lower end of the 7in to 6in tapered sleeve is now printing, using glass filled grey PETG. Here is a photo of the inside, showing the construction, with 3 wall loops and 15% cuboid infill being printed from a 0.6mm nozzle.

    1 file
  • 19 Jan 2026 22:52
    Reply # 13586979 on 13580811

    An update on the tube sizes:

    The supplier has said that they can’t offer a full 5m length, only 4.1m  is available in the 7in x 3/8in tube we were looking for. That’s OK, 4.1m is as long as we need for strength - if there’s roughly 2m below partners and 2m above partners that’s fine, but it means that we need to find another metre of tube length at the mast head. So we're getting 1m of 4in x 1/8in to go at the top, which is actually an improvement, as it lowers the CG and reduces the mast weight. It does mean another joint, with internal sleeves and external tapered sleeves to be designed and printed; and a 4in head fitting to be designed and printed. The end result is that we’re doing what I'd hoped, and going further towards developing a library of parts designs that can be mixed and matched to make a range of sizes and strengths of mast, with diameters at the partners from 5in to 7in, wall thicknesses from 1/8in to 3/8in, mast head diameters from 3in to 5in, and 2,3 or 4 sleeved tubes of whatever lengths are needed (up to 5m each).

  • 31 Jan 2026 10:51
    Reply # 13592225 on 13580811

    It’s time that I posted an update. We’re still waiting on tube delivery, but...

    I now have a very good set of deck partners components. First, because I wanted a rough surface that would bond well to the deck reinforcement, I tried with the grey glass filled PETG, at the original half-angle of 5˚, but the surface was too rough such that the deck ring and wedges wouldn’t slide together properly. So I increased the half-angle to 8.12˚, the standard for self-releasing arbors on milling machines (3 ½”/foot), tried a deck ring in black carbon filled PETG (which should still bond well), with wedges in white unfilled PETG, and the fit is very good. To allow for the diameter of the 7in tube not being precisely 7in, I’ve made the wedge 5mm short at the top, when it’s flush at the bottom, and made a set of coloured shims at 1mm, 2mm and 3mm thickness, so that I think we have any dimensional inaccuracies covered. Also, I’ve made the wedge in two pieces, so that if it should need to be replaced for any reason, this can be done without unstepping the mast.

    The story with the 1˚ tapered sleeves is mixed. The colour is inconsistent between spools of filament, so I have a  very good-looking pair of 4in to 5in, a good enough pair of 6in to 7in, and an odd-looking pair of 5in to 6in (mostly because I wasn’t getting good printing performance from the ‘Elegoo' brand, and got a spool of 'Tinmorry' brand to try. It prints much better, but the colour is much lighter). While I think what to do for the best, I’m using the remnants of this filament to print the pieces of inner sleeves, where I want the physical properties of the glass-filled PTEG, but colour doesn’t matter.

    5 files
  • 07 Feb 2026 05:20
    Reply # 13595316 on 13586322
    Graeme wrote:

    Plenty of multi-part tube masts and tube/wood hybrids have been made already I imagine – I have made a couple and it is a good compromise I think. However I have only ever used adhesive, and fibreglass and epoxy filler for filling the annular gaps and fairing between diameters etc. That works OK. I don’t like to drill holes or introduce metal fastenings and I don’t see the need for that. Anyway, the 3d printed parts would make a very neat and tidy alternative to fibreglass and epoxy filler, so it is very interesting. 


    I had also thought putting holes and bolts through the join would be a bad thing. However, the top of the bottom pole of any join is also the most over built part of that pole seeing as the strength is calculated at the partners (or the bottom join) while loading decreases going up. Likewise, the top pole while designed for strength at the join is over built at the bottom of it's bury. So I would suggest a bolt through the upper pole at it's bottom and a matching hole in the lower pole would not cause problems so far as strength is concerned.

    I do understand the concern with metal fastenings, even though they are very common on most any sail boat. I think a tube (sleeve) made of nylon or some other machinable insulator could help. However, my 1969 mast has a stainless steel bolt through the mast to hold it down too.

    The heads on both sides would need to be flush or nearly so anyway. It would be interesting to design a nut that would allow a wrench purchase while allowing battens and parrels to slide over freely. (Actually a design floated through my head while typing)  However, I could imagine temporarily replacing the nut with one that had a loop welded to it to give the crane some place to fasten to while lifting the mast in place to be later replaced with the one that doesn't stick out and impede the rig. This would be a good point of balance  if it was the top join in a 3 pole setup.

    The boot, be it FG, wood or 3d print, probably also acts to extend the bury of the top pole much as a cord stiffener does for an electrical cord coming out of an appliance.

    I am sure there are good reasons for shooting this idea down in any case. After all, I am older than my boat (41 hexadecimal) and have a cold to boot.

    Len

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